Class Codes & Rates:

Code 4720 is applied to insureds engaged in the manufacture of soaps of the type enumerated in this classification's footnote. Animal fats, coconut oil or other vegetable oils; alkalies such as soda ash, caustic soda, lye, boric acid; abrasives such as feldspar; inert catalysts such as zinc oxide; diluents such as sodium sulfate; builders such as sodium pyrophosphate, and perfume are received from others. The processes vary depending upon the product's final form. Some plants may utilize the conventional method of boiling fats or various oils with caustic soda or by the half-boiled or cold process of mixing the material in a crutcher and allowing the product to stand in frames. At other plants the processes may involve a continuous countercurrent hydrolysis process under pressure and at high temperatures with a catalyst, followed by continuous distillation, neutralization and finishing. The natural fats, in the proper proportions for whatever soap is being made, react with water under pressure in a vertical column to split into fatty acids and glycerine. Crude fatty acids from the hydrolyzer are purified by dry vacuum distillation and the distillate is neutralized to yield neat soap. The neat soap is comparable to that produced in the kettle and it may then be extruded, framed, milled, flaked or spray-dried. The by-product glycerine recovered from the hydrolyzer is concentrated in a multiple-effect evaporator which is synchronized with fatty acid production.